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By the first 100 years A.D., wine was being exported from Italy to Spain, Germany, and France. It wasen't long before these countries ended up developing their own vineyards. Over the next few centries France had become the dominant producer of wines on the world market. Monastaries are known to have been reponsible for establishing several of the most sought after wines in the vineyards of France. Exploration and settlement brought wine to Mexico, Argentina, and South Africa in the 1500's and 1600's. Considered to be the father of the California Wine Industry, Jean-Louis Vignes planted the first European wine vines in northern California. He founded the Buena Vista Winery in 1857, which boasts 1,000 acres of vineyards in both Sonoma and Napa counties, and produces over half a million bottles of wine per year!
Made from fermented grape juice, wine is classified into 3 basic types: Natural, Sparkling, & Fortified. Natural wines may be Red, White, & Rose, and be classified in taste as Dry, Medium, or Sweet. Sparkling wines are given a 2nd fermatation in which added yeast eats up the sugar in the wine and produces carbon dioxide to give the wine a carbonated nature, much like soda pop. Tiny bubbles noticed in sparkling wines are from this natural process, while larger bubbles indicate carbon dioxide was added by machine. Fortified wines, such as Port, Sherry, Marsala, Vermouth, Maderia, Muscat, and Sangria, were made to have a longer shelf life. While there are spirits that are made from wine, the fortification process is created by when alcohol is added to the wine, thus killing the yeast before the fermintation process is completed, which leaves residual sugar. The higher levels of alcohol and sweetness help to preserve the wine longer. Wine is usually aged for several years in wood barrels, allowing the wood to influence the characteristics of the wine from taste, color, depth, complexity, and so on.
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| Calistoga (2) | Geyserville (1) | Healdsburg (5) | Kenwood (1) | ||||
| Morgan Hill (2) | Oakville (1) | Sacramento (1) | Saint Helena (3) | ||||
| Windsor (2) |
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Dutch Henry Winery
4300 Silverado Trail, Calistoga, CA 94515 Map
707 942-5771
Twomey Cellars
1183 Dunaweal Ln, Calistoga, CA 94515 Map
707 942-2481
Silver Oak Cellars
24625 Chianti Road, Geyserville, CA 95441 Map
707 857-3562
Gallo E & J Winery
3387 Dry Creek Road, Healdsburg, CA 95448 Map
707 431-5500
J Vineyards & Winery
11447 Old Redwood Highway, Healdsburg, CA 95448 Map
707 431-3646
Raymond Burr Vineyards
8339 West Dry Creek Road, Healdsburg, CA 95448 Map
707 433-8559
Stonestreet
7111 Highway 128, Healdsburg, CA 95448 Map
707 433-9463
Twomey Cellars
3000 Westside Rd, Healdsburg, CA 95448 Map
707 942-7150
Wine Room
9575 Sonoma Highway, Kenwood, CA 95452 Map
707 833-6131
Guglielmo Emilio Winery
1480 E Main, Morgan Hill, CA 95037 Map
408 779-2145
Pedrizzetti Winery
1645 San Pedro Avenue, Morgan Hill, CA 95037 Map
408 779-7389
Silver Oak Cellars
915 Oakville Crossroad, Oakville, CA 94562 Map
707 944-8808
Revolution Wines
2116 P St, Sacramento, CA 95816 Map
916 444-7711
Amizetta Vineyards
1099 Greenfield Road, Saint Helena, CA 94574 Map
707 963-1460
Charbay Winery & Distillery
4001 Spring Mountain Road, Saint Helena, CA 94574 Map
707 963-9327
Kent Rasmussen Winery
1001 Silverado Trail South, Saint Helena, CA 94574 Map
707 963-5667
Mc Ilroy Wines
6133 Aaron Ct, Windsor, CA 95492 Map
707 838-6202
Merry Edwards Wines
830 Den Beste Court, Windsor, CA 95492 Map
707 838-9950
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